Long-Term Side Effects of Forceps Delivery

By Ben Gobel on September 17, 2024

Forceps delivery is a type of assisted vaginal delivery that is sometimes necessary during childbirth. This procedure involves the use of a medical instrument called forceps, which resemble large, curved spoons or tongs. The forceps are carefully positioned around the baby’s head to help guide them out of the birth canal during contractions. 

While forceps delivery can be life-saving for both the mother and child in certain situations, it’s not without risks. Understanding the potential long-term effects of forceps-assisted delivery and forceps-delivery complications is crucial for parents and healthcare providers alike.

How a Forceps Delivery Procedure Works

Forceps delivery is typically considered when labor is not progressing adequately, the baby is in distress, or the mother is unable to push effectively due to exhaustion or medical conditions. Utilized during vaginal birth, this procedure begins with the administration of anesthesia to ensure the mother is comfortable. 

The healthcare provider then inserts the forceps into the birth canal and positions them around the baby’s head. With each contraction, the provider gently pulls to assist the baby through the birth canal while the mother pushes. Once the baby’s head is delivered, the forceps are removed, and the remainder of the delivery proceeds as usual.

Immediate Potential Side Effects of Forceps Delivery

Birth injuries from this type of operative vaginal delivery can vary but may include bruising or lacerations on the baby’s face and head, minor eye trauma, and temporary facial nerve injuries. For the mother, the procedure can result in a vaginal tear, increased blood loss, and a higher likelihood of postpartum infections. 

While many of these immediate side effects are manageable and resolve with time, some can lead to more serious long-term complications. Additionally, the use of forceps can sometimes result in skull fractures or intracranial hemorrhage in the baby, necessitating immediate medical intervention and prolonged monitoring to ensure proper recovery.

Long-Term Physical Effects of Forceps Deliveries

Cranial Injuries

One of the most concerning long-term effects of forceps-assisted delivery is cranial injury. The pressure exerted by the forceps can cause skull fractures or intracranial hemorrhages. This type of birth injury can lead to conditions such as cerebral palsy, which affects motor skills and muscle coordination. In severe cases, cranial injuries can result in permanent brain damage, impacting the child’s cognitive and physical development.

Nerve Damage

Forceps delivery can also cause significant nerve damage, particularly to the facial nerves. This type of birth injury can result in conditions such as facial palsy, where the baby experiences weakness or paralysis on one side of the face. While some nerve damage may heal over time, severe cases can lead to permanent disfigurement and functional impairments. Additionally, brachial plexus injuries, which affect the network of nerves controlling the arms and hands, can lead to long-term mobility issues.

Developmental Delays

Children who experience traumatic forceps deliveries may also face developmental delays. These delays can manifest in various ways, including difficulties with speech, motor skills, and cognitive functions. Early intervention and therapy can help mitigate some of these issues, but the long-term impact on the child’s quality of life can be significant. Parents should be vigilant in monitoring their child’s development and seek professional evaluations if they suspect delays.

Long-Term Emotional and Psychological Impacts

The long-term effects of forceps delivery are not limited to physical health. Emotional and psychological impacts can also be profound. Children who suffer from visible scars or disfigurements may experience social stigma and bullying, leading to issues with self-esteem and mental health. Parents, too, can suffer emotionally, grappling with guilt, anxiety, and depression over their child’s condition. The stress of managing long-term medical care and therapy can strain family relationships and financial resources. 

Additionally, the ongoing need for medical interventions and support can create a sense of isolation for both the child and the family. The emotional burden often requires professional mental health support to navigate the complex feelings and challenges that arise. Over time, these psychological impacts can affect the overall quality of life, making it essential for families to seek comprehensive care that addresses both physical and emotional needs.

Legal Implications and Options for Affected Families Dealing with Forceps Delivery Injuries

Families affected by the long-term side effects of obstetrical forceps delivery complications may have legal recourse. You can pursue a medical malpractice claim if the healthcare provider did not follow standard procedures or acted negligently during the delivery. 

Successful claims can provide compensation for medical expenses, ongoing care, and emotional distress. Additionally, families may seek compensation for lost wages if a parent needs to take time off work following a child’s birth injury. Legal action can also lead to policy changes that improve patient safety and prevent future incidents.

At Ogg, Murphy & Perkosky, our experienced medical negligence attorneys are dedicated to helping families navigate the complexities of cases involving forceps deliveries gone wrong. We offer compassionate and personalized legal support to ensure that affected families receive the justice and compensation they deserve.

Contact Our Legal Team Today

Forceps delivery, while sometimes necessary, carries significant risks that can result in long-term physical, emotional, and psychological effects. Cranial injuries, nerve damage, and developmental delays are among the most serious complications, and the emotional toll on both the child and family can be substantial. Understanding these risks is crucial for making informed decisions during childbirth. 

If your family has been affected by the long-term side effects of forceps delivery, seek legal advice to explore your options for compensation. Contact Ogg, Murphy & Perkosky today at 412-471-8500 for a free consultation with a Pittsburgh medical malpractice attorney to discuss your case and learn how we can help you seek the justice you deserve.